OvationPro2.75(30-April-05)5) X `&   d6HSVndvG  L L 4 @0   t%185 to 206n L GenericBlackfWhitefTransparent fRedfGreenfBluefCyanfMagentafYellow fRegistration f PF.HSVn:Pff.- @ 7-"cA \PBtBSӧnHn n7бnnR7n>H.QDPDingsArial Bold ItalicTimes New RomanTimes New Roman ItalicArial ItalicCourier NewArial BoldArialTimes New Roman Bold ItalicCourier New BoldTimes New Roman Bold Ne d ,Bodytext#P\.. "40P33`* Ch NumberG8+`0P33t Ch HeadingC 0u0uYЉ0P33o Ch ContentsV б**!. 020Pff( ۯCh IntroW б**!020Pff( UNoPointsP\.. "40P33`* HeadingCб66+=0 P331 SubHeadingF..# 70 P33, FunctionName ..X70P33}, Function? ..w70P33}, CaptionDӧ%'-0P33$ Indentt( P\.. "40P33`* pBIndent12mmVP\.. "40P33`* ߄!{Listing**20P33( BoldItalicR..!@50P33`* Bold-lineQ>..(#70P33+ BoldWordQ>..(#70P33+ CourierWord .. 50P33' SpaceAfter!P\.. "40P33`* Nospaceafter"P\.. "40P33`* HeaderL#?!б**!020P33( hHeaderR$G!б**!020P33( vItalict*SBtL.."60P33+  8P<t3 Oeg8OP\..$30P33) E б**!00P33& h б**!00P33& vW * P\..$30P33) Q б**!00Pff& Ueg8P\S0P33{ NV3f0P33a C R..$30P33) V0u0uZ\0P33j 3Q" б**!. 00Pff& wۯ3Q"*б**!. 00Pff& ۯ< б**!. 00Pff& eg8P\..$30P33) )*X &б66+=0 P331 D'Q'Q>..$30P33) 3(.. 50P33' eg8)SBt..$30P33) _h**..$]40 P33o* /P\..$30P33) D'3"7..1(!-0P33s& J4"7..1(!-0P33s& pBJ 5P\..$30P33) pBJ6Q>..$30P33) pBeg88.. 50P33' eg89.. 50P33' 3:0*. 50P33' eMH(;ӧ%'+0P33\# ?%<cA%'+0P33\# eg8=Q>PFPF7M2P33> eg8>Q>PFPF7M2P33> eMH? ӧ%'+0PX33\# eg8@ Q>PFPF7M2P33> eg8AP\..$30P33)  Bӧ%'+0P33\# eg8E   3E 0P33 eg8F   3E 0P33 eMHG ӧ%'+2PX33\# eMHHӧ%'+2P33\# 3Q"I б**!. 00Pff& ۯw JcA%'+0P33\# eMHL ӧ%'+4P33\# eMHMӧ%'+4P33\# |$Oб**!00Pff& UE Qб**!00Pff& U4b8Rӧ**!00Pff& U SSBt..$30P33)  6TSBt..$30P33) D']Q>..$30P33) D'^"7..1(!-0P33s& _SBt..$30P33) aP\..$30P33)  b ӧ%'+0P33\#  8K+cQ>..$30P33) pB|Dd"7..1(!-0P33s& |D eQ>..$30P33) |Dh"7..1(!-0P33s& }3D,iӧ%'+0P33\# q-j!jcA%'+0P33\# ?lcA**!00Pff& UeMHo ӧ%'+0P33\# eMHr ӧ%'+4PX33\#  tQ>..$30P33)  u"7..1(!-0P33s& vQ>..$30P33)  w"7..1(!-0P33s& 5,zQ>..$30P33) 5,{"7..1(!-0P33s&  8K+~"7..1(!-0P33s& pBA7Q>..$30P33) pB&lQ>..$30P33) pB&l"7..1(!-0P33s& pBeMHӧ''+0P33\# eg8 P\..$30P33) D'"7..1(!-0P33s&  SBt..$30P33) eg8"7..1(!-0P33s& eg8Q>..$30P33) CR..$30P33) eg8P\..$30P33) j+NRXX{Xd\{cv|c'}cev,_bU)6iI:/;dGv@o|{HR4S~5_ RR>+<+XXw{ct|cekkOp^8+bVSG6REg&;B]Lj:*9"&l4@=5dGtkS@o] /"ЋQR~F * "ZAbo?Y ME=RS@o] /"ЋQR~F * "ZAbo?Y ME= $3@_hH&lPNV` h3Q"pVxW * < w E Q  *X E |DJ?eMH  D' (4C<q-j!D|$T?%` 8K+l5,x}3D,A74b8eg8 %$%%#*%*%%%))&%&* | wpxvh=,n#nPX $ maindictuserdict (   L A4  L A4 $tXt L  \  c߄1 c߄1 n  uc(XyU T X]7n2.// 0 Lе@ PP Esa3 ll221lCommercial Colour PrintingrXChapter 13 P $_0 Dt L  $$ t߄1 t߄1  }c(byU T X]712 h t߄1nt߄1n X Hc(byU݄T X]73$ TSection 13.....ll yP $_0p ttEL  $$y$ @t߄1 t߄1  }c(byU T X]7F xwww&13.1 Installation This chapter describes the facilities provided bythe  Ovation Pro 'Colour Supplement. This supplement to the main program is provided in the form of an extension applet, which must be installed before it can be used. The applet is called 'ColSupp It' must be installed in the usual way (see Chapter 18). By default the Colour Supplement applet is installed, so unless you have removed it, you probably need to do nothing.&13.2 Litho Printing After completing and checking your document, the rst job is to have it typeset. This involves printing the document to a PostScript le and sending it to a typesetting bureau T(see 13._8T)T. Occasionally, a bureau will accept  Ovation Pro les directly. The bureau will print a very high quality Toriginal of your document using an imagesetter. For high quality or full-colour work, they will usually produce Tlm. This can be used directly to make the printing plates. A cheaper alternative is a TbromideT (photographic paper), which needs to be photographed to produce the printing plate. This is often called Tcamera-ready copy. Your printer will be able to tell you which is the best material for a particular job. **Proofs For full-colour work, it is essential to proof your work before it is printed. A proof is a high quality colour print produced directly from the set of four lm separations. The two dry-proong processes that are often available are called TC_hTromalin and TMatchprint proofs. They are quite expensive, but allow you to check that everything is correct before the more-expensive print job commences. Ask your bureau which proong process is available, and how much it will cost.*Printing A litho press uses a printing plate wrapped around a revolving cylinder. The printing plate, which is presensitized with a light-sensitive coating, is placed in contact with the lm and exposed to high-intensity light. After exposure the plate is treated with an emulsion developer leaving a hard image on the plate, which is then treated with a greasy medium. After being mounted in the press, the plate is rst dampened and then coated with ink. The areas coated with grease attract ink, while water on the areas not to be printed, repels ink. The ink is then transferred to a rubber blanket cylinder, before being transferred to the paper. The process is often called Toffset litho printing because the printing plate does not come into contact with the paper. **Colour Printing The process described above prints one ink onto the paper. To print another ink, the operator has to change the plate, change the ink and then print onto the paper for a second time. This explains why two-colour spot printing is cheaper than full-colour printing using four inks. Some printing presses can print more than one ink at a time, but due to the more complex setting up required, they are normally only economical for long print jobs.&&13.3 Spot-Colour Printing If your document only needs to use two or three basic colours, you can print it very economically using Tspot-Tcolour printing. If you want to print using the full range of colours, then you should use Tfullcolour printing. Spot colour work is simpler to achieve than full-colour work, and two or three spot-colour work is always cheaper than full-colour work. *First you need to decide whether you want to print with two or three colours. Using three colours will be more expensive, but will give a greater scope for designing the document. Note that in addition to the basic colours you can use any number of tints of those colours. For example, if you are doing a two-colour job using black and red, you can use greys and pinks. eXvMenuwvMiscwvEdit colours Use the 'Mis]c^'Edit 'colour dialogue box to createnamed colours for each of the spots (in the example above, both black and red already exist), and for each colour choose the 'Spotcolour option at the bottom of the dialogue box T(g. 13.1).*Specifying Colour When you print spot-colour separations, each basic colour and any tints are placed on a separate plate. It is essential for you to tell the printer the precise colour to be used for each plate. You can do this by choosing colours from a standard swatch. Spot colours dened in  Ovation Pro are used for the screen display only, so it doesnt matter if they dont match the eventual printed colour. However, in order to help you visualise what the printed document will look like, it is useful to dene the screen colours to match the printed colours. You can do this by dening colours using CMYK values obtained from the colour swatch you are using. In order for the printer to know the colour of each plate,  Ovation Pro prints the colour name at the top of each separation. Therefore, it is useful to set the  Ovation Pro colour name to the name given on the swatch. &13.4 Full-Colour Printing In printing, most colours can be reproduced by mixing the correct proportions of the three process colours - cyan, magenta and yellow. Black and greys can be reproduced by combining equal amounts of cyan, magenta and yellow, but in practice this gives poor results, so a black ink is also used to add ner detail and greater density. When you print separations, any colours that have not been designated as spot colours will be separated into CMYK components. When the CMYK separations are printed, they will combine to reproduce the colour of the original. *Tint Charts When full-colour printing, your document can use any colours dened using the 'Edit colour dialogue box. However, the eventual printed colours may differ from those viewed on the screen T(see 13.5). It is therefore essential to select colours from Ttint charts. A tint chart usually shows samples of over a thousand tints made up from cyan, magenta and yellow. Once you have found the colour required, you should read the cyan, magenta and yellow values from the chart and use them to dene a colour in  Ovation Pro. The chosen colour may not look correct on-screen, but provided it has been dened using the CMYK model, the printed colour should match the colour in the tint chart.  &13.5 Colour Correction *RGB to CMYK Correction In order to print RGB (and HSV) colours used in  Ovation Pro documents in a full-colour process, these colours must be converted to CMYK./ /A simple translation that assumes process inks used in printing are the inverse of RGB light,/ gives inaccurate colour reproduction.  Ovation Pro provides a correction system that improves this. Before printing full-colour separations you should select the 'Use correction table option on the Colour Choices dialogue box T(g. 13.2). XtMenuu'MisctChoicesutColours When this is selected,  Ovation Pro uses a special algorithm and separation tables to apply correction when converting RGB colours to CMYK colours. Note that this does not affect colours dened using the CMYK colour model. Nor does it affect spot-colour printing. The 'Use correction table submenu allows different separation tables to be chosen for different typesetters. The default table, (TypeSet, should be suitable for most situations. Alternative compatible tables can be added by copying them into the Colour Supplement applet. (*C*MYK to RGB Correction  Ovation Pro provides a system to improve the display of CMYK colours (intended for output to a four-colour press) on an RGB colour monitor. To enable this feature, choose 'U'se inks to display CMYK colours from the Colour Choices dialogue box T(g. 13.2). Note that even though this does improve the accuracy of CMYK colours on-screen, you should not entirely rely on the colour you see on the display. For precise colour reproduction always specify colours using CMYK values chosen from tint charts T(see 13.4). The sub-menu provided above this option allows you to choose different ink mapping les that control how RGB is mapped to CMYK for different printing processes. /Currently atwo/ ink mapping leas are /provided/. Both are for SWOP printing (Standard Web Offset Printing) colours.  /Note that currently the ink mapping le is only used for converting CMYK to RGB, not for separating RGB into CMYK.&13.6 Preparing Your Document *Overprinting eXzMenu{zMisc{zEditz colourse TOverprinting is used to compensate for misalignment of printing plates during printing. Suppose your document contains some black text printed on a cyan background. The black plate will contain the black text T(g. 13.3). The cyan plate will contain the cyan background with a knock-out for the black text T(g. 13.4). If the document is printed with the plates exactly in register, the black text will be printed exactly over the white knock-out T(g. 13.5). However, if there is misregistration, thin white gaps can be seen around the text T(g. 13.6). This problem doesnt just happen with text, but applies to all overlapping objects. Overprinting helps solve this problem by preventing the background from being knocked-out. So in the example above, the background is printed solid cyan without the knock-out, and the black text is printed on top of the cyan. This generally only gives acceptable results when printing relatively opaque inks, such as black. Overprinting less opaque colours, such as yellow, may show a colour shift when overprinted.*Colour Level Overprint You can specify that a particular colour will overprint by choosing the colour on the ']^'Edit 'co'lour dialogue box and then choosing 'Overprint this colour from the 'Overprint dialogue box T(g.13.7)T. 'Overprint limit species the tint above which an object colour will overprint its background. So the default value of 90% means that overprint will only occur with tints of 90% and above. This option prevents lighter tints, which are less opaque, from overprinting. *Object Level Overprint You can specify that a particular object will overprint by choosing 'Overprint on the colour picker when applying colour to an object.**Font Mapping Most PostScript printers have some fonts built in and these are the equivalents of common Windows fonts. For example Helvetica is the PostScript equivalent of Arial. When printing to a PostScript printer it is possible to send the definitions of fonts along with the rest of the document (download fonts). The problem is that such fonts add to the size of the data transferred and use memory in the printer. There is thus some interest in using the built in fonts. However as the technology has improved this issue has become less important. There may also be situations in which you dont want the built in fonts to be used. For example they may not contain all the characters that the Windows fonts do e.g. the Euro . If you are producing a file to send to a bureau it is important to consider the fonts that they will have available. For these reasons there is a mechanism to control how Windows fonts are mapped onto PostScript fonts. It consists of two elements. If you open the Printers and Faxes window, and then right click the printer of interest and select Properties, then use the Device Settings tab there will be an entry Font Substitution Table. This allows you to arrange for each Windows font to either be asigned an equivalent from the fonts built in to the printer or to never be substituted. Secondly if you open the printer properties window (from the expanded Ovation Pro print window) there will be PostScript options and a sub-option of True Type font download option. The actual values of this may vary however one (e.g. outline or use soft fonts) will force all fonts to be downloaded and another (e.g. automatic or substitute with device font) will download only fonts which appear in the font substitution table without PostScript equivalents, the rest will use the fonts in the printer. *Ovation Pro Page Size Set the required page size in  Ovation Pro using the 'New _(see 11.2) or 'Page guidelines _(see 11.3 - Page guidelines)T dialogue boxes. The maximum page size that you can typeset depends upon the typesetting bureau you are using. You should have no problem up to A3, but above that you should check the maximum width with your bureau. Remember that printers marks increase the overall dimensions by 14mm. That is if you use the default values for the crop marks _(see 12.3 - Printers marks). **Printing Pictures You can set half-tone screen information for the selected picture on the 'Halftone screen dialogue box T(g.13.8). eXvMenuwvPicturewvScreene The options in this dialogue box are intended for experienced users, and should not normally be altered. Note that you can also change the half-tone screen information for all pictures in a documentT T(see 13.7, step 6). ''Frequency is the density of the half-tone screen, measured in lines per inch. Usually a frequency of 100 is suitable for monochrome work and 150 for process colour work. Check with the bureau/printer if you are in doubt. 'Spot species the shape of the half-tone dot. Use the default, unless you are experienced in creating PostScript separations. 'Angle species the half-tone screen angle for the ink highlighted in the panel above. Unless you are experienced in creating PostScript separations, you should use the default angles as supplied. If the wrong halftone screen angles are set, an undesirable screen clash, called moir, may occur.*Checking the Separations At any time you can use the '3'Separations menu to view any of the individual separations on-screen. XtMenuutViewutSeparationsu This menu will help you check that correct number of separations are being printed i.e. there are no additional spot colour plates. Experienced users will be able to use this option to check that the overprint settings are correct.'&13.7 Creating a PostScript File 45zcIf you are producing full-colour separations, ensure that colour correction is enabled and the correct table is selected5.5 The standard colour correction table called 'TypeSet should normally be used. This is conrmed in the title bar of the 'Separations dialogue box. eXvPrintwvPrintv setupwvSeparations You can change the colour correction table using the Colour Choices dialogue box T(see 13.5). XtMenuu'MisctChoicesutColour' c~45z6Load a suitable PostScript printer driver and configure it to print to file.5 A wide variety of PostScript printer drivers are supplied with Windows. These produce various types of PostScript. In general using a higher level of PostScript will give the best results, however you need to know that the nal destination of the PostScript le is compatible with it. You can print to le in various ways. One approach is to use Add Ports in the Windows Printer installation Wizard, then New Port and enter for the port name the le name (or right click to get Properties for a printer in the Printers and Faxes window and select the Ports tab). This way you can have a printer driver that always prints to le. Alternatively Windows may have a port called File which you can select for any printer driver. This will prompt for a le name during printing. Another method is to select 'Print to le on the expanded Ovation Pro print window. If you do this when you start the printing process you will be prompted for a le name. If you have followed one of the methods in the previous two paragraphs you do not need to select this option.3Choose a suitable PostScript paper size. PostScript printer drivers provide a wide range of standard paper sizes e.g. A2, A3 and A4. However, printers marks increase the dimensions of the page, so using these standard sizes may result in your page being cropped. To avoid this you might create your own custom paper size when producing PostScript output for typesetting. Set the paper size to the  Ovation Pro page size, plus 14mm for the printers marks. The graphics margins should be set to 0. So the paper size for an A4 page should be 224 x 311. Note that if you do not set a big enough paper size,  Ovation Pro will warn you when printing. However, to avoid this warning every time you print, you should set up a suitable paper size before printing as described above. 45z6Set the options on the 6Print6 dialogue box. vXMenuwvvFilewvvPrintGCtrl+Pv ''Reflect causes pages to be mirror printed, and should usually be selected if you are printing to film. However, please check with your bureau first. If they require Temulsion side down, 'Reflect should be selected; if they require Temulsion side up, 'Reflect should not be selected. Choose 'Print setup to expand the 'Print dialogue box to display the advanced setup options. 'Centre should be selected. 'Bleed causes  Ovation Pro to print an extra 3mm margin around the edge of the page. If your document contains objects that bleed off the edge of the page, choose the 'Bleed option. 'Printers marks should be selected. This causes  Ovation Pro to print the following special marks around the edge of the page T(g. 13.9)T. TCrop marks show the edges of the page and are used to trim the page to size. TRegistration marks are used to help align the separated film when preparing the printing plates. TSeparation names causes the name of the ink to be printed on each separation. The document name, page number, date and time are printed after the ink name. You can edit this information or add your own text using the 'Text option on the tSeparations dialogue box (see overleaf). The TColour bar is used to check the quality of the colours on the proofs. Note that the colour bar is not printed on spot separations.  de eSet options on the Separations dialogue box. vXPrintwvPrint setupwvSeparationsvvv 'Colour separations should be selected when you are printing full colour or spot colour separations T(g. 13.10)T. The 'Plates menu allows you to choose which separations to print. 'All process prints separations for the four process colours. This is the default setting. 'All spots prints separations for all spot colours. The 'Plates menu also list the four process colours followed by any spot colours that have been dened. You can choose to print individual plates by ticking and unticking them directly on the menu.The 'Text icon allows you to specify any additional text that is to be printed after the separation name in the top left corner of the page _(see fig. 13.9). In addition to ASCII text you can insert macros which will be expanded during printing. The following macros are particularly useful: 8{lename} {lepath} {chapternumber} {pagenumber} {date} {time} 9{datetime} The default string is set to: 9{lename} P{pagenumber}{datetime} which typically expands to: :Document1: P1 :11:41am 27 February 1997::: ((((( de eeSet options on the Screen dialogue box. pBPrintPrint setupSeparationsScreen5 'PostScript screen causes half-tone screen information to be written into the PostScript le, and should usually be selected T(g. 13.11)T. Note that the options in this dialogue box are intended for experienced users, and should not normally be altered. 'Frequency is the density of the half-tone screen, measured in lines per inch. Usually a frequency of 100 is suitable for monochrome work and 150 for process colour work. Check with the bureau/printer if you are in doubt. 'Spot species the shape of the half-tone dot. Use the default, unless you are experienced in creating PostScript separations. 'Angle species the half-tone screen angle for the ink highlighted in the panel above. Unless you are experienced in creating PostScript separations, you should use the default angles as supplied. If the wrong halftone screen angles are set, an undesirable screen clash, called moir, may occur. hh ePrint to the PostScript file.e Once all the above options are set correctly, click on 'OK in the 'Print dialogue box to create the PostScript le. When printing the usual 'Printing dialogue box is displayed showing the progress that has been made. the icon in the bottom left-hand corner of this dialogue box shows the colour of the separation currently being sent to the printer.&13.8 Submitting the File to a Bureau Check with the bureaux what format discs they can handle. Make sure that any PostScript les are given a (ps le extension. To format and write to Apple format discs, you need to purchase a separate utility to do this. For small jobs you will be able to send the PostScript les using oppy discs. For bigger jobs you will have to use one of the following alternatives: 52Split the job into separate parts so that each part will t on a oppy disc. 52Use a le archiver to compress the les in Zip format. However, you must ensure that the bureau has suitable software to decompress the les. 52Transfer les using removable drives such as CDR or Zip drives. 52Transfer the les electronically via email or an ftp or web site.&&&13.9 The Process Dialogue Box XtMenuutPictureutProcess' The ^'Process dialogue box T(g. 13.1) is available from the main menu when a picture frame is active. Image processing can only be applied to one picture at a time. **Model This is the colour model that will be used when you are modifying the picture. For CMYK pictures, 'CMYK is the default model. For other pictures, 'RGB is the default model. You can choose any colour model for any picture, irrespective of the picture type. However note that processing a CMYK picture using the RGB setting will often mix colours between the CMYK plates. This may be highly undesirable. *Colour This is the colour component that will be modied. The colour map displays a coloured curve for each of the components. If you choose 'All, all colour components for that model will be modied in one operation, and the curve of the map is shown in black.*Update By default the 'Update option is selected, meaning that the picture is updated instantly as changes are made in the 'Process box. If 'Update is not selected, the picture is not updated until you click on 'OK. This prevents the picture from being updated after each change you make, which might be quite slow for very large pictures. *Default Click on 'Default to cancel any processing that has been applied to the picture. If you have closed the 'Process dialogue box, you can always return to the previous picture settings using the 'Undo option. **Colour Map The Scolour map )illustrates the changes made by the brightness, contrast and gamma sliders. Later on in this chapter youll see how it can be used to dene a custom colour map. The map shows a pictures input values on the horizontal axis, plotted against output values on the vertical axis T(g. 13.2)T. When the map is a 45 line from 0, 0 to 1, 1, output values equal input values i.e. normal brightness and contrast T(g. 13.3). *&13.10 Brightness, Contrast & Gamma tXMenuutPictureutProcess You can change the brightness, contrast and gamma values of a picture using the sliders located in the centre of the 'Process dialogue box. **Brightness Drag the 'Brightness slider to the right to increase brightness, or to the left to decrease brightness. When the slider is in the middle, there is no modication. Brightness may also be specied by setting a value in the writable icon to the right of the slider. A value of 0 means no modications, -100 means minimum brightness and 100 means maximum brightness. The colour map illustrates the changes made to the brightness slider. If you increase the brightness, the line on the map moves up and the output values become higher than the input values T(g. 13.4). If you decrease the brightness, the line moves down and the output values become lower than the input values T(g. 13.5). Note that the brightness slider adjusts the levels of colour according to the current colour model, so the description given above is only true for the RGB colour model.  *CMYK and HSV Models* With the CMYK model, the brightness slider increases or decreases the levels of Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black. So, an increase in levels of CMYK, results in a decrease in brightness. A decrease in levels of CMYK, results in an increase in brightness. With HSV, the brightness slider increases or decreases the levels of Hue, Saturation and Value. It is not very useful to increase or decrease all three HSV levels simultaneously, but it can be useful adjusting them individually. *Contrast Drag the 'Contrast slider to the right to increase contrast, or to the left to decrease contrast. When the slider is in the middle, there is no modication. Contrast may also be specied by setting a value in the writable icon to the right of the slider. A value of 0 means no modications, -100 means minimum contrast and 100 means maximum contrast. The colour map illustrates the changes made to the contrast slider. If you increase the contrast, the line on the map is rotated anti-clockwise, reducing the range of input values T(g. 13.6). If you decrease the contrast, the line is rotated clockwise, reducing the range of output values T(g. 13.7)T. Note that the contrast slider adjusts the levels of colour according to the current colour model, so the description given above is only true for the RGB colour model.  *CMYK and HSV Models* With the CMYK model, the contrast slider increases or decreases the levels of Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black. So, an increase in levels of CMYK, results in a decrease in contrast. A decrease in levels of CMYK, results in an increase in contrast. With HSV, the contrast slider increases or decreases the levels of Hue, Saturation and Value. It is not very useful to increase or decrease all three HSV levels simultaneously, but it can be useful adjusting them individually.*Gamma Drag the 'Gamma slider to the right to increase the gamma value, or to the left to decrease the gamma value. When the slider is in the middle, there is no modication i.e gamma value is 1. Gamma may also be specied by setting a value in the range is 0.05 to 5.75, in the writable icon to the right of the slider. The up/down icons can be used to step through this range in 0.01 increments for values below 1, and 0.05 for values above 1. The colour map illustrates the changes made to the gamma slider S(gs. 13.8 & 13.9). Note that the gamma slider adjusts the levels of colour according to the current colour model. &13.11 Custom Colour Map XtMenuutPictureutProcess You can create custom colour maps using the 4 tools provided S(g. 13.10). *Linear* Choose this tool to reset the colour map to a 45 line from 0, 0 to 1, 1. This sets output values equal to input values i.e. normal brightness and contrast. Note that the brightness, contrast and gamma sliders are only available when this tool is selected. *Straight Segment Choose this tool to convert the current map into a series of straight line segments. You can edit the map by dragging the control points. Click Select to add new points, or right click over points to delete them. **Curved Segment Choose this tool to convert the current map into a series of curved line segments. You can edit the map by dragging the control points. Click Select to add new points, or right click over points to delete them. *Invert Choose this tool to ip the colour map upside down. This produces a negative of the curve currently shown on the graph. Note that you can use the Invert tool to invert the adjustments made by the brightness, contrast and gamma sliders. &13.12 Duotones XtMenuutPictureutProcess The 'Duotone option allows you to specify the two colours used in a monochrome picture. If the current picture is multi-coloured, it is converted to monochrome rst. 'Lower allows you to specify the new colour for the black component of the monochrome image using the standard colour picker. 'Upper allows you to specify the new colour for the white component of the monochrome image. 'Duotone is particularly useful when commercially printing documents using spot colours. It allows a colour or monochrome picture to be printed using white and any individual spot colour, or even using two spot colours. Deselect 'Duotone to revert back to the original image.܆66L6L6L6 Esa=&X Ea3zG EGa3i E/a3 Ega3B, Ea3: Ea3 E$a3\ Eoa3P, Ea3BJ EWa3BtEsa=& E~a=и&P EJʀa3w Ea3p` E:a3R E sa3+=  EJa3{ Ea3< ER/a3= Ega3 EZa3] Ea3I E#a3l Eoa3ޖ E⧃a3 E"a3E` Eba3vTl E*da3b Eja3Ff Ea]4q*< E6*a3 Evba3 Ea3( E҅a3v E6 a3 EvCa3T E{a3LB Ea3H Ea3$ E7a3E<~a]4 *4Ea3pE*a3Ej1a3UEia3]Eꡁa3 lE*ځa3ͧEja3uEJa3b+<Era3֞E΂a3keEa3$E2?a3ȞErwa3kEa33Eza3fE3a3\OEka3`Ea]4U*`Ea3E2a3EFja3TiEa3nEڅa3TEa3HE^a3uEa3ENφa3YEa3%D Esa=f& Ea3x EGa3 E/a3p Ega3v Ea3* Ea3 E$a3X EO\a3 Ea3[* EWa3^ Ea3 EPa3 p Ea3M Eԃa3G E a3 E_Ea3. E'a3מe E܄a31$ E/a3š EoMa3 Ea3 Eｅa3:=Era]4 *XEa3CSEa3XE'&a3Eg^a3Ea3p5E΁a3 Ea3ERa3E/a3EoÂa3]Ea3E3a3'E/la3aJEoa3xE܃a3Jq<Ew(a3E`a3܀Ea3mE7фa3Ew a3s <E?Ua3 E~a=M&x EJʀa3Vm Ea3޴ E:a3n E sa3H EJa33J Ea3 Ea36~ Ega3ʫ Eҟa3*# E؂a3X ERa3 EHa3 Ea]4*@ E^փa3 Ea3S EFa3UB Ea3YB E^a3ӣ Ea3 Ef;a3> Esa3( E櫅a3C E&a3}e Efa3^ ETa3 E挆a3| E&ņa3: Efa3] E.Ia3E~a3 ( Esa=*&&l E]a]4v2| E a3̕ ECa3S  EO{a3-[ Ea3B/ Ea3x\/ E$a3SB/ EO\a3 Ea3' EWa3VO Ea3 E_da3 E'a3 Ega3  E a3_5 EXa3.8 Ea3G E܄a3Z E/a3XX E`a3  E7a3 Ewхa5 E a3 EUa3bEsa3E9a]4v2(Ea3Rd E/a3E+ha3Ea3nE3a3c'Es$a3nE;pa37=E{a3Ea3GEa3|E;Qa3E{a3bECՃa3wE a3TEEa3J#E~a3eECa3}/Ea3/EK:a3o/Era36/E˪a3k%/h E~a=& Eɀa]4?*D EN a3מe EXa3T EVa3 } E܁a3ڞ E^a3me ELa3n Eބa3&W Ea3 Ea3U E&Aa3À Efya3 Ea3h Ea3N E&"a3l EfZa3|T E.a3b Enބa3= Ea3˄ ENa3 E.a3 E҅a3 E6 a3[ EvCa3  E{a3(#E<~a]4*lEa3w:E*a3EEj1a3K'Eia3U'Eꡁa3HT`Ea3'E%a3E2^a3biEra3LE΂a3%Ea3lERa]4*lEa3>5Ẽa34uE>a3  Era]413*d Ea3ڕ Ea3Q E'&a3gO Eg^a3E E/a3 Eoa3Ƣ Ea3 ERa3  E/a3  EoÂa3j Ea3X E3a3e Ea3j Ea31h E7a3j Ew(a3ρ E?ta3( Ea3 Ea3ߴ, E0a3) Eha3 Ea3 EGمa3 Ea3 EIa3 Ea3- EGa3% Ea3W E*a33n Eva3o$ EϮa3e Ea3n EOa3v EWa3 EϏa3 EȈa35 EOa3w E8a3K~ Epa3{ Ea3Ah Ea3 E@a3 Ega3Era]4}*hEa3czEa3V8E'&a35n_Eqa3LE/a3CEoa3JEa3ERa3tE/a3EoÂa3sEa3_EwGa3*$ E<~a]4w*X Ea3 E*a3 Ej1a3 \ E2}a3%de Eȁa3ϑ E:a3f Ez9a38$ EBa3߰ Ea3f Ea3tTL EAa3W' Eya3 E a3 EJa3χT E6a3 Eځa3S' Ea3 EZa3p E">a30' Ebva3# Ea3k Ea3 E"a3R1 EbWa3E<~a]4?*tEa3E*a3=EDa3nEa3#Eȁa3,E:a3Ez9a34Eqa31j Esa=& Ea3H4M G@3jcM /@3$c EO{a3" Ea3' Ea3? E$a3&8 Eoa3e Ea3. Ea3O9 E?a3 Eoa3sc M Ã@3i6 Ewa35q EGa3} Ea3X E7a3 Ewa3 E(a3ʟ Eta3 Ea33N Ea3f E?a3Q EUa3> Ea3 Eņa3U E?a3D< EJa3j EGa3,~ Ea3ˆ EOa3Fq E>a3Cu Eva3y Ea3 EOa3 Ea3Esa3rEka3Ea3E/a3%E+ha3h\Eka3iE3a3?Es$a3E\a3Ea3E3͂a3 Esa3 E;Qa3$[E{a3(yEa3)uEa3?E;2a3FE~a3 E~a3_y4 Eʀa3v Eva31`' ENa3]z Ea3b E6a3׍  Eva3 E/a3T E~{a3- Ea3d Ea3' ENKa3;' Ea30 Eλa3 Ea3nE~a3rE&a3* Efa3LE.;a3yTEnsa3|E6a3GTEva3;E>Ca3TE~{a3Ea3GEa3nE>$a3$E~\a3tEFa3Ea3Ea3KEda3EVa3 Esa3Ed Eka3v( E3 a3' EsCa3G E{a3Td E{ǁa3T Ea3rX EKa3' EÃa3 Eςa3vz' ESa36, ESa3: EӋa3  Eăa3L ESa3sEsa3E㫀a3)E#a3&Eca3_ETa3zKE㌁a3xrE#Ła3 Ea5)88EKa5)8(E*a58@Eja5Q84Ea5ƨ8E,a5ƨ8Ekba5J9LE3a3)xEa5A9EEa3pEJa5:ES݄a3(dE)a3 E~a3<d Eʀa3Sr Eva3' ENa3I Ea3  Eҁa3K E a3fi E>Ca3xd Ea3W' EFǂa3 Ea3 E7a3χT Ea3 EVσa3S' Ea3 E?a3p Ea30' EÄa3# Ea3k E^4a3 Ela3R1 Eޤa3 Ea3E~a3IhEʀa3VEa3c\E.;a3 @Ea32E6a3!NEva3dE/a3Ega3J Esa=ph& Ea3s EGa3m0 ECa5 EO{a3< Eǁa3uv EWa3UB EKa3l E_a3 Ea3 Ea3 8 E?a3Cq5M w@35x EÃa3r5M @35M /4@3xr5M ol@3Y5 E7a3ߎ5M w@3i5L E? EZa3G Eےa31 E˃a30 E[a3w EyNa]4*, E'a3U EgɄa3p\ Ea3} EoMa3 Ea3 Eｅa3yEra]4ܞ*,Ea3Ea3E'&a3Eqa3(#E/a3YEoa3Ea3yERa3(E a]4۞*0Ea3Ea3tEda3yEa3ECՃa3|Ea a]4* E<~a]4*< Ea3؀  E*a3 Ej1a3 Eia3l Era3e Ea3 E%a3 Eqa3B Ea3x1 E:a3+ E.a3E~a3 Esa=ʌ* Ea3st E a3: ECa3* EO{a3 EmƁa]4*\ E a3 E[Aa3s Eya3v1 E۱a34 Ea3?J E5a3 E#na3Ţ Eca3]q Eރa3f0 Ek*a3s Eba3k E뚄a3p E+ӄa3 Ek a3[T ECa3 E{a36T EDža3  Ea3O E38a3j Espa3opH E;a3 Ea3Era]4>*pEa3LEa3E'&a3oEg^a3(Ea3%E΁a3 xEa3fBERa3E/a3D\EoÂa3eEa3EwGa3$ E<~a]4*4 Ea3 E*a3֖ Ej1a33 E2}a3ˑ Era3li Ea33u E%a3E E2^a3( Ea3s E:a3 Eza3 ERa3W Ea3ô E:Ãa3e Ea3 EBGa3O Ea3j E·a3opX Ea3 EROa3E<~a]4>*pEa3 E*a3Ej1a3oEia3Eꡁa3*=E*ځa3uXE%a3E2^a3Era3D\E΂a3eEa3 Era]4*( Ea3y Ea3ܰ E'&a3g Eg^a3 E/a3 Eoa3{v Ea3 ERa3_ E/a3Ä Eւa3s E7a3 EZa3Sz E?a3Q E߃a3Esa3 E~a=@z&p EJʀa3s Ea3w ERNa3 Epa]4*< E܁a3 E^a3T ELa3 Efa3aO EЂa3 Ea]4 *T Er^a3  Ea3ڍ E΃a3 E2a3c Er?a3 4 Ea]4*E<~a]4tt*LEa3 E*a3̀Ej1a3Eia3cEꡁa3 4Ea]4*,E/a3VEga3l>E6a3 1xEa3E>$a3QE~\a3<EFa3 Esa=#&L Ea3s E a3 ECa3H EO{a3 Ea3WD EWa3)' E7a3 Eoa3zv Ea3' EWa3 E,a3' E_da3 Ea3P Eԃa3P E a3߲` EXa3bv E'a3>~< E x !t߄1nt߄1n X Hc(byU݄T X]7 0J ! $t߄1 חt 1b }L,bUBY    X]7n"#lC "13 A. Commercial Colour Printing  13.1fGInstallation186 13.2fGLitho Printing#187 13.3fGSpot-Colour Printing D188 13.4fGFull-Colour Printing4c189 13.5fGColour Correction9190 13.6fGPreparing Your Document191 13.7fGCreating a PostScript File194 13.8fGSubmitting the File to a Bureau198  TheQ first part of this chapter describes how to prepare OOvationPro documents for Rlithographic (litho) printing. Litho printing is the most widely used printing process today, and is suitable for most applications (except for very short runs of less than, say, 500 copies). If your document only needs to use two or three basic colours, you can printit very economically using Rspot-Rcolour printing. If you want to print using the full range of colours, then you should use Rfullcolour printing. When printing it is often necessary to modify the appearance of pictures and graphics. Information on this is given in the second part of this chapter.  B. Image Processing  13.9fGThe Process Dialogue Box<200 13.10/Brightness, Contrast & GammaV202 13.112Custom Colour MapT205 13.12/Duotones206   #lll 0_f~< _낀٩ p0 0 0 $0 a0 G0 o0 0 Q0 0D 40%p 740@ _B40N( ~4094 740@, _ 40M9` F404\ 740S4 _40 404 7^0 g_낀 (_3D r0 0 0 ?' 0 3gc J0D  40  X$ !t2 F^P t2 F^P = "H, Xc(by' jtt6T X]7%&#-lD\\%###13_Print++ 1.00 12th July 2000 .00 P&  $S1T H-  "H, P@ HH.  cp` HpH/ n4 p` H0n4 p`DH1 y( p` HH2y( p` HH3  Xp` l4/D\F E LHC z   ttENFL D\F Ec߄1 c߄1 n  uc(XyU T X]7On@@2/[ $tNWEOL J$8$O RNt߄1 t߄1  }c(byU T X]7XF-D6D$g R Ot߄1nt߄1n X Hc(byU݄T X]7)$ttW_NXL  \X i Wc߄1 c߄1 n  uc(XyU T X]7`On@@2 /  s 0|t_hW`L  $$` c_t߄1 t߄1  }c(byU T X]7iX=X%  c `t߄1nt߄1n X Hc(byU݄T X]7.$tTthp_iL  \i hc߄1 c߄1 n  uc(XyU T X]7q`n@@2 / 5 |tpyhqL  $$q tpt߄1 t߄1  }c(byU T X]7zi @ t Aqt߄1nt߄1n X Hc(byU݄T X]711$ttypzL  \z yc߄1 c߄1 n  uc(XyU T X]7q34n@@25/Mp6KI7;'0tyL  $$ t߄1 t߄1  }c(byU T X]7zi +c h t߄1nt߄1n X Hc(byU݄T X]79:9?$ tL  l$\ c߄1 c߄1 n  uc(XyU T X]7ABn@@2 / #O;h  ttL  $8$ t߄1 t߄1  }c(byU T X]73, |8h \   t߄1nt߄1n X Hc(byU݄T X]7GH4K$ttL  \ c߄1 c߄1 n  uc(XyU T X]7MNn@@2 /, L E0tL  $$ t߄1 t߄1  }c(byU T X]7^  h  t߄1nt߄1n X Hc(byU݄T X]7WX<[$ T8tL  \\ c߄1 c߄1 n  uc(XyU T X]7]^n@@2_/'`3a XX i cI@;fmyVѽrнrw I9  `&D@    c CMaE1^n q<v M+ kc\ ݕVNY    X]7O6 pp666;Fig. 13.1 - The <Edit colour; dialogue box. |P p+l;,lX icRO Aѽrѽr(E 26~  WI@ .   c UOMEm:^n q<*|o V+L,Ka UNY    X]7OE EEE;Fig. 13.2 - The; <Colour< C<hoices; dialogue box..2 p P +;JD Aa4 ߄SE.xyn q<ݐ -2+؇;\ ]j D53 tuuOL?Y    X]7;n H=OverprintdDP wM0=8   Bt& ߄SE.kn q<ݐ -2L,L "GY    X]7nkC(l ||CCC;Fig. 13.3 - The black plate containing the black text.B; d((( v+; v>+k;J h  lj D53tuuOL,L?Y    X]7!" HH!>Overprint PdP" wM0>8 # &Cw ߄SE.7n q<ې -2L GY    X]7n7$%C(  <|$CCC;Fig. 13.5 - Correctly printed with no misregistration.B;9 dd%((( x+; x>+q{;r  & #t j D53CuuOL?Y    X]7h'( H'>Overprint <P( wM0>8 ) 1D^s ބSC.tn q<ݐ -2L,L GY    X]7*+:(@ tt*:::;Fig. 13.6 - Printed with ?misregistration.B; d+((( }+6s;t }=+?t (XX- .Cv: '](`v6ѽrҽrL  e @ RJ J. D-r M2oEZ]n q<6o >+ kc=U ӤUNY    X]7w/048 l/444;Fig. 13.7 - The Overprintb; dialogue box..hP0 =[+?{; 1)2O ! D53} = D\2 51g j G53 PFuuOK<Y    X]7;34 H3=Overprint dP4 yM0=8 5 2V j G53_"ku kc?;Y    X]7#67 LL6@OverprintA P7 xM0@H 4 4lX th~[d`bHѽrѽr 9݂  =6@ u J u \ME^n q<m +N+L,\ }UNY    X]7nN1W l111;Fig. 13.8 - The <Screen; dialogue box.ox.J PP u+l^;J  tt jM2E_n q<xo \L+[ VUNY    X]7n$a \$$$;Fig. 13.9 - Printers marks.;Fi @  P "\+Ҫ;   CK7 0^6LL q8DU yl4 X]7H1cS ll111EBlack Doc01 P1 11:41am 27 February F1997 P3E @ED( (    DrawDraw   X?X  l2 B 2ڴ2ڴ2D0Vy B y0VD202 B 202Dڴ0Vy B y0VDP22 B 2P2XL  D$f6fB -f-fD*L< B 3 3L9T%xB mrXyy{rglg`{YRXRmY`lmrX@h D@hB @hDB _/B ؿ~ؿ~X B D&&B &&D  BB B  _8B =3(:`:K37,7~!K`(=Q~!Q,=3X0C D4'F'B ='='D 0CB 0C 59B =4(:`:K47-7!K`(=Q!Q-=4ڴ DPz B PDڴ B  D B Dz0 B 0 X  [chN} uhNuhNucԀ,d   l5> J`  Ar5ʤC6@ @p"!_L, CY    X]7e/(sn0 HHMCrop marksrks d<d((( ^>+mPM$ ^=>+e M Hs<?@p kcHsR   tap|a1, wWQ !N`;=L,lMeY    X]7} *(g!`Jdd***;Separation names ?&; other info d((( N-+8P;| N=-+ ;, N $DD^sG} Wb*ߥ kc`GRJl  8  l%jJNB}  +%j+ xTL,v IY    X]7v} $ XGRegistrationH Gmarks (P o*+P5G| C k.%}Ok 8: ?F kc9 PHR(qC Rk%}Ok: j?F kcR9 JHR H   }Z_'K y- >[L,ľg Y    X]7 HH;Colour bar P(P ,j+>;< X ~Z gEdL 3 ~2x kcqKW2 ڀyR x(9B t97& t 9B ]7t@i]7t D9B tt7}cc (T utF} c c DT"g ttu}cc33 y ]7ti]7t Dy tt}cc (  ut} c c P tt}cc33  ]7ti]7t Dl tt}cc (h ut} c c  tt0}cc33  ]7ti]7t D tt^}cc ("2 utd} c c PDD ttj}cc33   W ]7ti]7t Dl W tt }cc ( i ut} c cD { ttH}cc33  h ]7toi]7t Dl   h ttf}cc (   ܠ utu} c c4  Q tt}cc33  Q ]7tVi]7tJDlQ ttO'}cc  ut^-} c c(P:  tt3}cc33  X c Ghgѽrѽr@9  3f@ b   c MQE ^n q<m M+=*o8q:DWD..jP,Yy,tI $  X]7HevwJ\@v <<w y }8mi iM8+4*;X9v  ?L,W/OrY    X]7CIz{07 phz000;Fig. 13.5 oDecreased? brightness;. PP{ !\+ ; H|  $},{DrawDraw $},{Europe.Obliquep$},{ $},{ p_Vd  _V_ћћl$},{B $},{,{$}$}l1XAtB 1AtAtX1X1AtK(< 8H,),<H)18K( <)0D& ZT=dB &+Z.< L{ 8T h{TAi18 L`TM0<n n;0.258R'u;Q(0.5 X} yviLba1*o8q:+p8q:*o8lZ.Xg(1 | 33 *J| 9c iM8+4*;X9v  ?Md  )r) M MlG&EB G&E&EGGl)ktB )kt)kt)CSDSX 8ADWASE18CSDSXÕSE0DÛbdB ѭ\b8CB:VC0.5<BV(C0.75 XX bL`זoв*o8q:)n8q9*o8_X.lf(ז  33 zK_ P MM8*=*;X8t  ?8DU W/Pr X]7g,I&KJ` `&&&;Fig. 13.6 Increased ?contrast. PP \+A; P  PFFp6DrawDraw PFFp6Europe.ObliquehPFFp6 lvTB TTvvT@FdZ 8d D'> l8;tC`B 8`C`C;t8;t8`DX 8DWlE18DXaE0i'> 8>#>18i'}j0DxEdB xE X ;΂j a2z-*o8q:)n8q:*o8kW.Vf(2  %33 W] I mi WMW5*Y=*;XSl ?8DU /Or X]7CI#|J\\###;Fig. 13.9 Gamma value of 0.75. P V+;D T,  }`B DrawDraw }`B Europe.Oblique}`B  TfdB i:^iznSoh  li:B :i:i:h| 8%i%|i18h|i0C %  8 C  18C %% %0l}`B B } B B`}`}  XX nija2O*o8q:)p8q:*o8kZ.Vg(2  7!%@ ˬc | c iM8*=*;X9t  ?L,W/PrY    X]7}I"oh0\""";Fig. 13.8 Gamma value of 1.8.. PP !\+; ,T,  F`  DrawDraw F`  Europe.ObliqueF`    s l׍7B ׍77׍׍7s  8KPt SKt18sS@t0TčGdB 7o.O׍Ҥ X 8k V18 XVX0lF`  B F    `F`F  X c.jZ2O*o8q:)m8q9*o8kD.V(2  7!%@ pRi  x / d u KM՛E:^n q<o yM+ kc\ 7UNY    X]7nO8b pp888;Fig. 13.10 - ?The; custom colour map.<;PP k+T;J 8,6 p*x6DrawArcDraw p*P6p*86snapwwwwwwUUUUUU333333DDUU"DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDAUDAUDqAUDqAUDqwAUDqqAUDqAUDwwwwpwwwqqAUDwwwwpwwwqqAUDwwwwpwwwqqAUDwwwwpwwwqwAUDwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwqqAUDwwwwpwwwqAUDwwwwpwwwqqAUDwwwwpwwwqqAUDqqAUDqwAUDqqAUDqAUDqqAUDqqAUDqqAUDqwAUDqqAUDqAUDqwwwwwwwwwwwAUDAUDAUDAUD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDUDBUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUDUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUE"DEDDDDDDDDDDDDDD$DEDDDDDDDDDDDDDD$DEDEDE~wDE~wDE~wDE~wDEDENDEDEDDENDENDEDpwwwENDwwwwpwwwEDwwwwpwwwEDDwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwENDwwwwpwwwENDwwwwpwwwEDwwwwpwwwENDwwwwpwwwEDwwwwEDDE~wDE~wDE~wDE~wDEDED$D$DD"D DDAUDAUDAUDqwAUDDtwAUD